Republic X——要点
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$ 1 About Plato

As a founder of Western philosophy: Natural philosophy ___ Ethics ____ Dialectics

  His teacher: Socrates.

His experience: slave, “king”, philosopher (not a sophist), tutor (academy)

His ideal state is ordered state, related to his idea.

 

 

$ 2 Text

 

1) The nature of imitation itself   p11

 

* Soul: rational (rational) ---understanding knowledge

passionate (passion) ---emotion, ambition, fame, honor

appetitive (appetite)---bodily desire, acquisitive

 

* form / idea

  (Question: use, for our use)

* Naïve imitation in the mirror appearance only

 

* Bed:  1essence and real 2 particular 3 appearance

God creator         real bed, form of idea, essence of bed

Maker carpenter     particular bed

Painter: Ruinous     appearance

 

artificer=artist

 

2) The bad effects of imitation

 

p14

*“隔三层” is third in descent from nature an imitator?

is the trice removed from the king and from the truth?

is thrice removed from the truth?

 

p15  no worth; play; high degree in imitation

* essence – semblance

 

3) The reason to take away the poets

p16

* It is easily imitated, passionate fitful temper. 摹仿,摹仿的是人心中低劣的。

Inferior degree of truth; concern with an inferior part of the soul

 

*The imitative art is an inferior who marries an inferior, and has inferior offspring.

摹仿是低劣的,摹仿的对象是低劣的,低劣+低劣的offspring

 

荷马(Homer--HomerosB.C.E 8~7(About)

Homer Epics Iliad  Odyssey

 

* Sympathy   (Emma) p 17

sympathetic element , break loose-------gather strength -------difficult to be repressed in own.

* ridiculous: jest buffoon

* desire: lust anger pain

 

p18. condition

朱光潜译:

这种诗用不着认真理睬,本来她和真理隔开;听她的人须警惕提防,怕他心灵中的城邦被她毁坏;我们要定下法律,不轻易放她进来。

 

4) Establish a challenge

*EX p11

 He could hardly be supposed to be speaking the truth.

* Any theories of art as imitation must deal with.

 

*style of the dialogue:曲折晦涩,迂回隐晦 P11

 

 

 

希腊古瓮颂 Ode on a Grecian Urn

济慈  Keats

 

哦,希腊的形状!唯美的观照!

上面缀有石雕的男人和女人,

还有林木,和践踏过的青草;

沉默的形体呵,你象是永恒

使人超越思想:呵,冰冷的牧歌!

等暮年使这一世代都凋落,

只有你如旧;在另外的一些

忧伤中,你会抚慰后人说:

美即是真,真即是美,这就包括

你们所知道、和该知道的一切。

(Selected Poem)